How Lumina calculates aurora probability — the logistic model, Newell coupling, storm memory, and the maths behind the percentage.

Field Mode (right now) vs Plan Mode (later tonight). Which to use, when, and how to read the sparklines.

How Lumina spots substorms using GOES satellites and Geoscience Australia ground stations, and what each alert level means for your chances.

How coronal mass ejections are tracked from the Sun to Earth — NASA DONKI data, WSA-ENLIL models, and G-scale classification.

How Lumina estimates where the auroral oval sits and calculates the elevation angle from your location, accounting for Earth curvature.

Why aurora follows magnetic latitude, not geographic — how Lumina converts your location using the IGRF-14 model.

Where all the data comes from — SOLAR1, NOAA, NASA, GOES, Geoscience Australia, and Open-Meteo — plus how often each updates.

How the space weather score and confidence ratings work. What data health warnings mean and when to treat the forecast with caution.

What hemispheric power means, how it relates to Kp and oval position, and how to read the 90-minute HP forecast.

How Lumina combines space weather, darkness, cloud, moon, and light pollution into a single go/no-go verdict.

How the moon affects aurora visibility — why a full moon doesn't completely ruin your chances, and how to plan around the lunar cycle.

The SQM scale, why dark skies matter, and how to find and save good viewing locations with clear southern horizons.

How Lumina uses cloud forecasts to find clear sky, detect clearings, and tell you whether it's worth driving somewhere else.

A guided tour of the interactive Sun-Earth diagram — what each animated element represents and how it's driven by live data.

How Lumina's aurora alerts work — web push setup, threshold levels, and making sure you get notified when it matters.

How to capture and share aurora sightings, what metadata is recorded, trust badges, and offline support.

How the diary organises your observations — night summaries, similar-night comparisons, and building local knowledge.

How Lumina adjusts probability for your latitude across AU/NZ — why Hobart sees higher odds than Adelaide for the same conditions.

Quick definitions of every space weather term in Lumina — IMF Bz, Kp, HP, substorms, CMEs, Newell coupling, and more.